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Marcela Lemos
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Recent Articles by Marcela Lemos

Immunoglobulin A (IgA): What It's For (& What High or Low Levels Mean)

Immunoglobulin A, or IgA, is a protein that can be found in the body, mainly in the mucous membranes. Its main function is to protect the body against infections. Learn more what IgA is for, what normal IgA levels are, and what high IgA or low IgA levels mean.

Diseases and Conditions

Poikilocytosis: Most Common Types & Main Causes

Poikilocytosis refers to an abnormal shape of red blood cells, which can happen due to hemolytic anemia, changes in the bone marrow or nutritional deficiencies. Learn more about what poikilocytosis is, the common types and what can cause it.

Gonorrhea

Super Gonorrhea: Symptoms & How It's Treated

Super gonorrhea is an STI in which the bacteria that causes gonorrhea becomes resistant to antibiotics that are typically used to treat this infection. This can make treatment difficult and lead to further complications. Learn more about the symptoms of super gonorrhea and the treatment options available.

Tests

Lipase: Why The Test Is Ordered, Normal Levels & Why It's High

Lipase is a digestive enzyme that may be increased with conditions like pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, or acute appendicitis. Read more about why the lipase blood test is ordered, what normal levels are and why it may be high.

Tests

Basophils: Normal Levels (& What Causes High or Low Results)

Basophils are immune system cells that can become increased with allergies or prolonged inflammation. Learn more about what basophils are for, what normal levels are, and what high or low levels mean.

Diseases and Conditions

Naegleria Fowleri: Symptoms, Transmission & Diagnosis

Naegleria fowleri, also known as the brain-eating amoeba, is a parasite that lives in warm waters. It can enter the body through the nose and cause damage to brain tissue, leading to headaches, fever, hallucinations and loss of appetite. Learn more about the Naegleria fowleri infection and how it's diagnosed and treated.

Tests

Urease Test: How It's Done & What Results Mean

The urease test is a laboratory test is ordered to help identify various bacteria, including Helicobacter pylori, within a specimen. Learn more about how the urease test is perfordoneed and what a positive or negative urease result means.

Syphilis

VDRL: What It's For, How It's Done, & Results

The VDRL test is used to diagnose or monitor syphilis. This test is typically ordered if this infection is suspected, or to determine the risk for syphilis in a pregnant woman. Learn more about how this test is done and what results mean.

Tests

Coombs Test: Direct & Indirect, How It's Done and Results

The Coombs test is typically ordered by the doctor to rule out or confirm hemolytic anemia, but it can also be used to identify other diseases. Two types can be ordered: a direct or indirect Coombs test. Check-out when a Coombs test is ordered, what the different types mean and how results are interpreted.

Tests

ASO Titer (Antistreptolysin O Test): What It's For & Results

An ASO titer is a test performed to identify the presence of a toxin produced by Strep A. It is useful for the diagnosis of Streptococcus pyogenes infections and for investigating rheumatic fever. Learn more about what the ASO titer is for,.

Tests

AST/ALT Blood Test: What Is It For and Normal Levels

AST and ALT, also known as transaminases, are two hepatic enzymes that are usually measured in the blood to assess liver health and functioning. Get to know what can alter the AST and ALT blood levels .

Tests

ALT Blood Test: Normal Range & What High Levels Mean

An ALT blood test, also known as a TGP exam, is ordered to assess liver function. When ALT is high, it can be a sign of inflammation, hepatitis or cirrhosis. See what the result of the ALT blood test may indicate and what to do if it is abnormal.

Tests

Transferrin: What It's For, Normal Levels & High or Low Levels

Transferrin is a protein that transports iron to the tissues. The transferrin test is usually ordered together with iron and ferritin tests to confirm the presence of anemia and to identify the type the patient may have. Learn more about tr.

Tests

Amylase: Normal Levels & What Results Mean (High & Low)

O exame da amilase é feito com o objetivo de identificar doenças do pâncreas e avaliar a função desse órgão. Saiba mais sobre esse exame e o que significa quando o resultado está mais alto ou baixo que o normal.

Tests

High Platelet Count: Causes, Normal Levels & Treatment

A high platelet count can occur with exerce cising or after labor, and in these cases, high levels are expected. However, certain health conditions can also cause platelets to be high, like iron deficiency or some cancers. Learn more about what causes high platelets, what normal levels should be and how it is treated.